Wilberforce University is named after the 18th century English statesman and abolitionist William Wilberforce. The University is religiously affiliated with the African Methodist Episcopal Church, and a participant in the United Negro College Fund. Opened in 1856 during one of the most tumultuous times in American history, it is reportedly the first institution of higher education owned and operated by African Americans (Note that Cheyney University predates it, but was not owned and operated by African Americans).

   Many changes occurred over the years, including its designation as the first Black school named as a center for military training, the dedication of the Carnegie Library -- a gift from the philanthropist Andrew Carnegie -- and the sale of the old campus in 1982, which has been designated by the Ohio General Assembly and the United States Congress as the location for the National Museum of Afro-American History and Culture Center. Wilberforce offers and variety of BA and BS degrees. It is fully accredited by the North Central Association Commission on Institutions of Higher Education.